We searched publications in two electronic databases (PUBMED and Web of Science) up to May 20th, 2020. The research question was based on the PICOS strategy: Population = older adults Intervention or Exposure = DII Comparison = any comparator Outcomes = frailty, cognition, and risk of disability Type of study = cohort, cross-sectional or case-control studies.
Our aims were: (i) to investigate the association between the DII® and frailty, cognition, and the consequent risk of disability in older adults (ii) to discuss particularities of the use of DII® with older adults. Diet is a critical associated factor, and the dietary inflammatory index (DII®) is proposed as a promising tool to identify the association between diet and health outcomes. Systemic inflammation is considered an important issue in older adults and is associated with adverse health outcomes, such as frailty and cognitive impairment.
